Hellbound Hellhound
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I think the difference is that the Great Leap Forward happened when the average Chinese were practically still peasants living under an agrarian economy. In that context, it's not that hard to understand why they would turn a blind eye to the collateral damage of the revolution, because really, they had very little to lose. It was a choice between living as a peasant, dying as a peasant, or the promise (however illusory) of a better life.A lot of China's economic weight at the moment comes from the sheer number of people that it has. People are more than just mouths to feed, they drive your economy, China has a massive industry yes, (But that's been under threat, companies moving south into asia, or even some industries finding it cheaper to build automated plants in the US instead, after all low Chinese wages offset shipping, and without that and cheap power in the states, why not) but without a population to sell to that's fucking worthless. Fear is that China grew it's population too quickly, and when it shrinks the relative wealth will grow too slowly and the economy will collapse.
Add that to it's housing market being somewhat driven by the fact that Chinese home ownership is very high, less people means less demand for housing, risks potential collapse of a bubble speculated to be huge portion of China's economy (Hell I've heard people speculate that a 25% decrease in housing value in China would knock like 1% off global GDP)
And again people don't exactly tend to just sit around and starve happily, so they're a rebellion risk. The CCP can't afford large scale rebellions gaining traction. It's also worth considering the male-female imbalance (20 Million surplus males I think?). Men with no prospects of raising a family, nothing to really lose, we've seen the kind of culture that balance can generate, and it looks like the Middle East.
And another thing worth mentioning is that China's population is aging fast. It's already on average older than the average American. Old people tend to contribute little and cost a dime. And liquidating them might stroke anger and fear from the population, another domestic issue.
Then again, the Great leap forward killed 50M and the Chinese did fuckall so your opinion isn't unfounded.
Nowadays, things are different. The Chinese people have experienced an unprecedented rise in living standards within a single generation, and many will likely have aspirations for that to continue. The Chinese leadership clearly think so too, as evidenced by Xi's conscious decision to borrow from American mythology with his promotion of the phrase "the Chinese dream".
The problem is that China's luck is running out. They have an aging, shrinking population, and their principle economic advantage of having a massive working population in a low wage economy is an edge they're rapidly losing thanks to more competitive markets to their south. The sunk cost fallacy and the economics of scale will protect them for awhile, but once the scales begin to tip in favor of automation, I'd say it's pretty much game over.
Having a huge population is no longer the advantage it once was: militarily, culturally, or economically.
Militarily, it's arguably a disadvantage, as modern wars are won by who has the best weapons and the means to pay for them, not the number of men on the ground (which also cost a lot of money, but only in salaries and benefits, which can't be redeemed in a way which increases military readiness like equipment can).
Culturally, China's population is practically irrelevant, because China is an insular society which has very little cultural reach beyond it's own borders. There are single US cities which arguably have more soft power than China does.
Economically, having a lot of people is only really an advantage in terms of what they bring to the labor market, but again, that's increasingly no longer going to be the case thanks to automation. As China attempts to transition to a consumer and service based economy, it's population will be rendered moot entirely, as it's often just as easy if not easier for companies to sell one expensive thing to one wealthy urbanite than it is to sell ten cheap things to ten rural proles.
I'd say the CCP's stranglehold on power is far from guaranteed as time goes on. It exists now because they're continuing to make good on their promise to raise living standards for the Chinese people, but once that is no longer the case, I wouldn't be surprised if it all ends in a Ceausescu moment.