According to Wikipedia, basically the best source for accurate representation of the leftist opinion on sociological topics:
So based on this, and the rest of the article, is there any situation where "cultural racism" can be considered to be "real"?
Cultural racism, sometimes called neo-racism, new racism, or differentialist racism, describes prejudices and discrimination based on cultural differences between ethnic or racial groups. This includes the idea that some cultures are superior to others, and that various cultures are fundamentally incompatible and should not co-exist in the same society or state. In this it differs from biological or scientific racism, meaning prejudices and discrimination rooted in perceived biological differences between ethnic or racial groups.
The concept of cultural racism was developed by West European scholars influenced by critical race theory during the 1980s and 1990s. At the time, various terms were used for the phenomenon, such as Martin Barker's "new racism" and Étienne Balibar's "neo-racism". These theorists argued that the hostility to migrants then evident in Western countries should be considered "racism". They also acknowledged that it differed in various ways from older phenomena, such as colonialism or anti-Semitism, that had been labelled "racist" since the 1930s. They emphasised the idea that while older racism had relied on the perceived intrinsic biological differences of various groups, the new racism relied on a belief in intrinsic cultural differences instead. A major example they used was the change that occurred in Western countries in the latter half of the 20th century; during the 1950s and 1960s, the notion of a white race that was biologically superior to other races had fallen out of favour, but was replaced by a belief that Western culture was superior to other cultures.
Three main arguments as to why beliefs in intrinsic cultural differences should be considered racist have been put forward. One is that hostility on a cultural basis can result in the same discriminatory and harmful practices as belief in intrinsic biological differences, such as exploitation, oppression, or extermination. The second is that beliefs in biological and cultural difference are often interlinked and that biological racist groups use claims of cultural difference to promote their ideas in contexts where biological racism is considered socially unacceptable. The third argument is that the idea of "cultural racism" recognises that in many societies, groups like immigrants and Muslims have undergone "racialization", coming to be seen as distinct social groups separate from the majority on the basis of their cultural traits.
The utility of the concept has been debated. Some scholars have argued that prejudices and hostility based on culture are sufficiently different from biological racism that it is not appropriate to use the term "racism" for both. According to this view, incorporating cultural prejudices into the concept of "racism" expands the latter too much and weakens its utility. Among scholars who have used the concept of "cultural racism", there have been debates as to its scope. Some scholars have argued that Islamophobia should be considered a form of cultural racism. Others have disagreed, arguing that while cultural racism pertains to visible symbols of difference like clothing, cuisine, and language, Islamophobia primarily pertains to hostility on the basis of someone's religious beliefs. It has also been argued that enshrining the idea of Islamophobia as cultural racism in law can criminalise certain criticisms of Islam and hinder counter-terrorist operations against Salafi jihadism.
So based on this, and the rest of the article, is there any situation where "cultural racism" can be considered to be "real"?
